Abstract
Background
To evaluate the relationships among hip instability, pain, and morphology of the iliofemoral
ligament (ILFL) in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) using ultrasonography
(US).
Methods
We reviewed 86 patients (109 hips) with DDH (Group D), 40 patients (46 hips) with
borderline hip dysplasia (BDDH) (Group B) and 20 patients (23 hips) without hip pain
and bony abnormality (control group). Group D was classified into three subgroups—the
severe (group SP), moderate (group MP), and none/mild (group NMP) hip pain groups—using
the visual analogue scale (VAS). For evaluating hip instability and ILFL morphology,
the distance between the anterior edge of the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
and the horizontal line to the femoral head, and ILFL thickness were measured using
US. The difference between the distance in the neutral position and Patrick position
was calculated and defined as the femoral head translation distance (FTD).
Results
FTD and ILFL thickness in group D were significantly larger than those in the control
group and group B (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between
FTD and ILFL thickness in three groups (r = 0.57, P < 0.05; r = 0.55, P < 0.05; r = 0.62,
P < 0.05, respectively). FTD and ILFL thickness in group SP were significantly larger
than those in group NMP (P < 0.05). FTD and ILFL thickness in group D had significantly
negative correlations with the lateral center edge (r = −0.54, P < 0.05; r = −0.40,
P < 0.05, respectively) and vertical-center-anterior angle (r = −0.51, P < 0.05; r = −0.43,
P < 0.05, respectively).
Conclusions
Acetabular bony deficiency, especially in the anterior and lateral region can result
in antero-posterior hip instability, leading to thickened ILFL and hip pain, even
in patients with BDDH. These findings may facilitate our understanding and treatment
of patients with DDH. When hip instability is suspected, hip US examination may help
confirm the diagnosis and assist in providing objective clinical diagnostic evidence.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 15, 2023
Accepted:
March 1,
2023
Received in revised form:
January 25,
2023
Received:
September 20,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofIdentification
Copyright
Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Orthopaedic Association.
